IJBTT

Children aged 6 to 12 transport in Greater Jakarta

	International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJCTT)
	© 2020 by IJCTT Journal
	Special Issue
	Year of Publication : 2020
	Authors : S Nowak, L S Putranto, F Fransisca
	DOI :   10.14445/22315381/IJCTT-AIIC105

Citation 

MLA Style: S Nowak, L S Putranto, F Fransisca  "Children aged 6 to 12 transport in Greater Jakarta" International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (2020):21-25. 

APA Style:S Nowak, L S Putranto, F Fransisca. Children aged 6 to 12 transport in Greater Jakarta International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 21-25.

Abstract
In Indonesia, it is compulsory for children aged 7 to 12 years to attend primary school. However, some parents with 6 years old children enroll them in private primary school. Therefore, school transport becomes one of the most important parts of children mobility including in Greater Jakarta. Other activity on weekdays might include attending foreign languages courses, joining sports clubs, attending musical courses, etc. To support their mobility, parents prepare various options including private motorized vehicles, public transport, and pick-up/ drop-off services. This paper is intended to discuss the children readiness level to be transported by these three options. All answers were provided by the parents both for readiness of their children to be transported and their children personal qualities in terms of their self-reliance, liveliness & physical skill, emotion, decision making skill, and closeness with the parents. These five children personal qualities were then correlated with their readiness to be transported in three different ways. Pearson Correlation was conducted at 0.05 significant level between three children personal qualities and their readiness (both before and during the travel) to be transported. In general, emotion was the only children personal quality that was not related to readiness to be transported.

Reference

[1] E.O.D. Waygood, M. Friman, L.E. Olsson & A. Taniguchi “Transport and child well-being: An integrative review”, Travel Behaviour and Society, Vol. 9, pp. 32-49, October 2017.
[2] S. Easton & E. Ferrari “Children travel to school-the interaction of individual”, Transport Policy, Vol. 44, pp. 9-18, November 2015.
[3] J. Stark M. Meschik P.A. Singleton & B. Schützhofer. “Active school travel, attitudes and psychological well-being of children”, Transportation Research Part F, Vol. 56, pp. 453-65, July 2018.
[4] E.O.D. Waygood. “Children`s incidental social interaction during travel international case studied from Canada”, Japan and Sweden, Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 63, pp. 22-30, July 2017.
[5] S. Schoeppe, M.J. Duncan, H. Badland, M. Oliver, & C. Curtis. “Association of children’s dependent mobility and active travel with physical activaty, sedentary behaviour and weight status: a systematic review”, Journal of Sport Science & Medecine, Vol. 15, pp. 312-319, July 2013.
[6] T. Sendzik, G.T. Fong, M.J. Travers & Hyland, A. “An experimental investigation of tobacco smoke pollution in cars”, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Vol. 11(6), pp. 627-634, June 2009.
[7] E.O.D. Waygood & Y.O. Susilo “Walking to school in Scotland: Do perceptions of neighbourhood quality matter?” IATSS Research Vol. 38, pp. 125-129, March 2015.
[8] F. De Meester, D Van Dyck, I. De Bourdeaudhuij & G. Cardon Parental perceived neighborhood attributes associations with i active transport and physical activity among 10-12 years old children and the mediating role of independent mobility, BMC Public Health, Vol. 14, pp. 1-14, June 2014.
[9] E.O.D. Waygood, M. Friman, A. Taniguchi & L.E. Olsson. “Children’s life satisfaction and travel satisfaction: Evidence from Canada, Japan, and Sweden”, Travel Behaviour & Society, Vol. 16, pp. 214-223, July 2019
[10] Y. Gan, L. Meng & J. Xie. “Comparison of school readiness between rural and urban Chinese preschool children” Social Behavior & Personality, Vol. 44(9), pp. 1429-1442, July 2019.
[11] J. Scheiner “School trips in Germany: Gendered escorting practices”, Transportation Research Part A, Vol. 94, pp. 76-92, December 2016.
[12] S.Y. He. “Will you escort your child to school? The effect of spatial and temporal constraints of parental employment”, Applied Geography Vol. 42, pp. 116-123, August 2013.
[13] N. Singh & V. Vasudevan “Understanding school trip mode choice – The case of Kanpur (India)”, Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 66, pp. 283-290, January 2018.
[14] K. Boussauw M. van Meeteren & F. Witlox. ”Short trips and central places: The home-school distances in the Flemish primary education system (Belgium)”, Vol. 53, pp. 311-322, September 2014.
[15] A.M. Alrfooh & M.A. Lakulu “The effect of electronic educational assessment environment (navigation and content) on student’s intention to use mobile based assessment from motivational perspective view”, International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering Vol. 9(1), pp. 440-453, January-February 2020.
[16] J. Larioui & A. El Byed “Towards a semantic layer design for an advanced intelligent multimodal transportation system”, International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering Vol. 9(2), pp. 2471-2478, March-April 2020.

Keywords
children, aged 6 to 12, transport, Greater Jakarta.