IJBTT

A Mutually Exclusive Block-Chain Technology Cluster Approach to Electronic Voting as a Measure to Cob Covid-19 Pandemic Transmission in Developing Nations
	© 2021 by IJCTT Journal
	Volume-69 Issue-4
	Year of Publication : 2021
	Authors : Oduntan O. Esther, Olaiya Olayinka
	DOI :  10.14445/22312803/IJCTT-V69I4P105

How to Cite?

Oduntan O. Esther, Olaiya Olayinka, "A Mutually Exclusive Block-Chain Technology Cluster Approach to Electronic Voting as a Measure to Cob Covid-19 Pandemic Transmission in Developing Nations," International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 18-22, 2021. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22312803/IJCTT-V69I4P105

Abstract
- In nations of the world, democracy has become the mode of appointing new leaders. This ranges from the executive position to the community development level. This is an exercise that requires a large population, and the gathering of humans is inevitable. In the era of the second wave of COVID-19 Pandemic, the rate of transmission is higher than the first wave. COVID-19 is an invisible disease that is highly infectious. Presently, there is no known cure for the disease, yet it is infecting and killing people globally. Public gatherings such as the polling booth system of elections operated in many nations of the world are avenues where people can contact this disease quickly, leading to community transmission. Meanwhile, without voting or elections, there could be constitutional destruction and anarchy in a democratic nation. This paper presents a technological system of voting that will prevent COVID-19 community transmission. This system uses a mutually exclusive cluster of present technologies to eliminate congestions at physical polls. The Mutually Exclusive Block-chained Technological Cluster (MEBTC) comprises of five (5) technological systems, namely Telephone call (with Voice in all Ethnics), Phone application, Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), web-based computer application, and Direct Recording Electronic voting machine which are mutually exclusive with a centralized database and interface where voters can check results update at every instance. Programming tools, specified machines with specific requirements are configured for the proper implementation of the secure model. Each voter (user) adopts the preferred option to use, and the centralized database checks the voter’s space as used. The result is a well-regulated voting exercise that is void of physical congestion.

Keywords
COVID-19 Pandemic, USSD, Mobile devices, Internet, Blockchain, Voting system.

Reference

[1] Ayed, A. B., A Conceptual Secure Blockchain-Based Electronic Voting System, International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications (IJNSA), 9 (3)(2017) 1-9.
[2] Cranor, L. F. and Cytron., Design and Implementation of a Practical Security-Conscious Electronic Polling System, Department of Computer Science, Washington University. Retrieved fromhttps://lorrie.cranor.org/voting/sensus/ssp/ssp.html., (1995).
[3] Crosby, M., Nachiappan, Pattanayak, P., Verma, S. and Kalyanaraman, V., Blockchain Technology: Beyond Bitcoin, Applied Innovation Review, 2(2016) 6-19.
[4] Dong, E., Du, H., and Gardner, L., An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID19 in real-time, The Lancet infectious diseases, 20(5)(2020) 533-534.
[5] Fauci, A. S., Lane, H. C., & Redfield, R. R., COVID19 –navigating the uncharted, New England Journal of Medicine, 382(13)(2020) 1268-1269.
[6] Hjálmarsson, F. P. and Hreiðarsson, G. K. Blockchain-based Evoting System. 2018 IEEE 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD)., Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8457919., (2018).
[7] International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IIDEA). Introducing Electronic Voting: Essential Considerations, Bulls Graphics, Sweden.,(2011).
[8] Joaquim, R., Zúquete, A., and Ferreira P., REVS – A Robust Electronic Voting System. IADIS International Journal of WWW, (2003) 1-12.
[9] Kohno, T., Stubblefield, A., Rubin, A. D., and Wallach, D. S., Analysis of an electronic voting system. Proceeding of IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy., (2004).
[10] Moura, T. and Gomes, A., Blockchain Voting and its effects on Election Transparency and Voter Confidence. Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research June 2017.Retrieved fromhttps://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3085228.3085263#pillauthors__contentcon., (2017).
[11] Rothan, H. A., & Byrareddy, S. N. (2020). The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID19) outbreak. Journal of autoimmunity, 102433
[12] Thirumalaisamy, P. V. & Meyer, C. G., The COVID19 epidemic Tropical Medicine & International Health, 25 (3)(2020) 278.
[13] World Health Organisation., Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) Situation Report -88., (2020).
[14] World Health Organisation., Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus2019?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIv9WGoonF6gIVAp3VCh0sLACeEAA YASAAEgK3CvD_BwE, (2020).
[15] Zetter, K., An Introduction to electronic voting. Retrieved from., (2007). https://www.wired.com/2005/07/an-introduction-to-evoting